More on Nez Perce gardens and fur traders

I argued against missionary Spalding as the original source of Wallowa Nez Perce gardens in my last blog post, went on a laborious journey through Spokane House, Spokane Garry, the Church of England, and the fur trade as alternative sources of seeds and irrigation...

Nez Perce farmers, missionary squabbles, and the Canadian Border

“Before leaving the southern portion of the Asotin County some mention should be made of the Indian gardens located on the north side of the Grande Ronde River about half a miles below the mouth of the Rattlesnake Creek and on other favored spots extending on down the...